Digital twins can describe every element of a physical building and then combine them to create an integrated digital twin of the entire structure. They offer a single system that allows construction and operation experts to influence the design and subsequently direct construction and drive operational performance. However, for digital twins to truly incorporate the design, build, and operate phases, all three must speak the same language, for example, in the shape of a building ontology.
Ontologies are shared data models that simplify the process of connecting applications in a particular domain, be it at a system or a facility level. They are critical to the development of digital twins because they can provide a common language for stakeholders to co-create detailed digital versions of a building before construction begins.
Ontology-based digital twins fill a considerable gap in the market that primarily focuses on the retrospective effort of tagging and topology semantics or creating Building Information Modelling (BIM). Moreover, digital twins can provide building automation systems with a complete picture of what they are intended to control. In addition, they can provide the automation platform with a full view of the system that can self-introspect and solve for the ideal optimization control path in real-time.
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